Insecticidal effectiveness of papaya seed ethanolic extract against adult Aedes aegypti

Authors

  • Lutfhi Nurlaela Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia.
  • Evy Shavilla Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia.
  • Sandina Candrakanti Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia.

Keywords:

Aedes aegypti, botanical insecticide, electric vaporizer, mosquito mortality, papaya seed, plant-based insecticide

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, with Aedes aegypti serving as the primary vector. Conventional vector control methods that rely on chemical-based electric mosquito repellents may contribute to the development of mosquito resistance and cause adverse environmental effects. Papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) contain bioactive compounds with potential as an alternative botanical insecticide. This experimental study employed a completely randomized design involving adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes divided into five groups: a negative control group treated with aquadest and four treatment groups receiving papaya seed ethanolic extract at concentrations of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90%. Each group consisted of 25 mosquitoes and was replicated three times. Exposure was conducted using an electric liquid vaporizer for 4 hours, and mosquito mortality was observed for up to 24 hours. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests, while probit analysis was performed to estimate the LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values. Mortality increased with increasing extract concentration, reaching 26.7%, 30.7%, 58.7%, and 100% at concentrations of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90%, respectively. The estimated LC₅₀ was approximately 71.5%, while the LC₉₀ was approximately 79–80%, with statistically significant differences observed among the treatment groups (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that ethanolic papaya seed extract exhibits concentration-dependent insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti when delivered through an electric vaporizer, with the 90% concentration producing the highest mortality under laboratory conditions.

 

DOI :  10.35990/amhs.v5n1.p14-24

 

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Nurlaela, L. ., Shavilla, E. ., & Candrakanti, S. . (2026). Insecticidal effectiveness of papaya seed ethanolic extract against adult Aedes aegypti. ACTA Medical Health Sciences, 5(1), 14–24. Retrieved from http://amhs.unjani.ac.id/index.php/acta_medica/article/view/129

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): ACTA Medical Health Sciences

Section

Articles